Here is a list of Java statements, with some details on how they differ
in some cases from C/C++:
| Statement |
In C? |
In C++? |
Comments |
| The empty (null) statement |
Yes |
Yes |
|
| Labeled statements |
Yes |
Yes |
May be referred to from break or
continue
|
| Assignment expression |
Yes |
Yes |
|
| Increment and decrement
expressions |
Yes |
Yes |
|
| Method invocation |
No |
Yes |
Java does not support global
functions
C does not support objects/classes
Java only allows certain forms of
expressions to be used as expression statements
|
| Class instance creation
expression |
No |
Yes |
Java is richer in this area than
C++
C does not support objects/classes
|
if, while, and do/while statements |
Yes |
Yes |
C and C++ are very cavalier about
what is allowed in the conditional expression.
Java requires the condition to be
of type boolean; for example, the following is
invalid
in Java:
int i = 10;
while (i--)
{ /*...*/ }
|
| switch statement |
Yes |
Yes |
Java has eliminated some very
dubious behavior in switch statements that is
present in C and C++
|
| for statement |
Yes |
Yes |
Java allows comma-separated
expressions in the for loop initialization and
increment sections, but not in the test section
Java allows the declaration of
local loop variables, as in ISO C++ (but not in C
or earlier versions of C++):
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{ /* ... */ }
|
| "foreach" statement
(enhanced for loop) |
No |
No |
Added in Java 5.0
|
| break statement |
Yes |
Yes |
Can take an optional label
|
| continue statement |
Yes |
Yes |
Can take an optional label
|
| No
goto statement! |
Yes |
Yes |
Java has eliminated the notorious
goto statement!
|
| return statement |
Yes |
Yes |
|
try, throw, catch and finally statements |
No |
Yes |
Java supports exceptions somewhat
like C++, except the exception models are rather
different.
|
| synchronized statement |
No |
No |
Java has thread support built into
the language.
C and C++ do not
|
| package and import statements |
No |
No |
Java supports modularization into
packages.
C does not.
C++ has namespaces to accomplish the same thing, but they are a
very recent addition to the language and so are not used by many
traditional C++ programmers.
|
